Design Problem

Our objective was to devise a residential solution tailored to the densely populated urban landscape of Japan. Operating within strict spatial limitations, we aimed for a compact footprint of no more than 25 sqm. Additionally, the dwelling had to function independently from the grid, relying on passive cooling and heating methods driven by natural elements such as wind and sunlight. We also recognized the prevalent disconnection from nature and heritage in urban Japan, stemming from the pervasive stress of its work culture. Thus, addressing this societal issue became a core component of our design ethos, alongside spatial constraints and sustainability imperatives, shaping our holistic approach to the project.

Archetype and Concept Description

In tackling the challenges of sustainability, spatial constraints, and the disconnect from nature and history, we embraced a strategic approach inspired by Japan's rich architectural heritage. This approach aimed to deepen our understanding of environmental challenges while providing a roadmap for passive solutions. Through meticulous study of traditional Japanese architectural elements like tsubo-niwa, engawa, and shoji, we seamlessly integrated them with contemporary building techniques and materials. The result is a harmonious blend of tradition and modernity, where timeless principles sustain the home passively while fostering a meaningful connection between past and present. Our approach not only addresses immediate design challenges but also cultivates a greater appreciation for cultural heritage and environmental responsibility within the contemporary context. By honoring the wisdom of the past and thoughtfully applying it to present-day needs, our design embodies a holistic approach to sustainable living, rooted in tradition yet adapted for modern lifestyles.

Tsubo Niwa

A tsubo niwa is a type of very small garden in Japan, the gardens are typically semi-indoors and are a key feature of many traditional Japanese homes. The Tsubo Niwa courtyard garden in the center of Tsubo Niwa Home creates a connection to nature, a strong connection to nature was once a vital part of the Japanese home, however, has been lost due to urbanism. Connecting to nature has numerous mental and physical health benefits, and caring for this small Tsubo Niwa courtyard garden would allow the occupant to reap the meditative mental health benefits and the physical health benefits of mild labor and fresh air. The Tsubo Niwa courtyard garden is also surrounded by sliding doors, when these doors are opened the entire building effectively becomes an engawa (a Japanese porch), allowing the occupant to enjoy the view of their garden and receive fresh air.

The Tsubo Niwa courtyard garden is also used to cool the home, when the sliding doors are open, heat is allowed to escape up through the roof aperture while cool outside air is welcomed into the home.

Materials

The structure is made from entirely 2x4 wood framing, allowing for high resistance to water. While dense and durable the internationally available wood is also highly sustainable, cost-effective, and easy to build with.

Polycarbonate wraps the exterior of the structure creating a solid and durable skin that provides UV protection, thermal insulation, and condensation control.

Spatial Strategy

Tsubo Niwa Home sits on a footprint of just 25 square meters, so, in order to save space, the home utilizes simple sliding and folding mechanics throughout the structure. All sliding doors and cabinets open and close to remove any extra space that door swings may occupy. Both the office desk and kitchen table fold down when in use. Similarly, the bed folds up to save space when not currently in use. Storage in the kitchen is accommodated by fixing shelves to the structural wood framing, which is able to be further customized by the occupant. The shelving is designed to be fixed between any two wood posts within the home for maximum customization.